The Buddha And The Founder Of Buddhism - 1237 Words

After reading the book and doing some online research which you can check below under sources which is where I got all my information. I have read and completely understood the story of Siddhartha also known as the Buddha the founder of Buddhism. And one of the stories from a different religion that I can compare to the story of Siddhartha Gautama Is the story of Jesus Christ. The founder of Christianity and is the most famous myth in Christian religion. I can compare both because of the way Buddha and Jesus was born. They both came from a different country and womb but they do have the similarities of how they were both born. Like Jesus, Siddhartha was believed to be a miracle child from an unknown deity. As for Jesus case, it was the†¦show more content†¦They were both a prince and both of them had married have a family and a child. Which they both abandoned and casted away from after their eyes had been opened to the reality of the world. They both traveled seeking for te achings, truth, enlightenment, liberation and inner peace. They both practiced extreme asceticism, begged for food and last but not least they found the answers they’ve been looking for while they’re meditating. In Buddha’s case, he sat under the Bodhi tree. Starving and weakening and while meditating â€Å"he reached a state of profound understanding, called his Awakening, or Enlightenment (bodhi). He saw suffering, aging, and death in a new way, recognizing them as an inevitable part of life, but also seeing the possibility of release†. (Molloy, 2012) This is where Siddhartha got the name Buddha means â€Å"the Awaken One† taken from a Sanskrit word â€Å"to wake up†. On the other hand, on Mahavira’s case, He spent 12 years doing hundreds of meditations and fasting Mahavira was able to attain the total freedom from the cycle of birth, life, pain, misery, and death itself. â€Å"He achieved the permanent blissful state of oneâ€℠¢s self which is also known as the great liberation (Moksha) meaning the absolute freedom†. And right after their enlightenment and the great liberation. They both lived the rest years of their lives preaching their faith and belief to people. Furthermore, also passing down this faith and teaching it to theirShow MoreRelatedBuddha And The Founder Of Buddhism1118 Words   |  5 Pagesnever leaves† This quote from Siddhartha Gautama, known as Buddha and the founder of Buddhism, is a perfect representation of Buddhist beliefs. Buddhism is a strict religion with various guidelines one must follow. The Buddhists believe that they are each born-again many times and their main goal is to end this cycle of rebirth. One can do so by living each life better than the last, in hopes of releasing____________ Siddhartha Gautama, Buddha, was born in Nepal, where he had a wealthy family withRead MoreComparison of Hinduism and Buddhism Essay772 Words   |  4 Pagesthere is no founder for this religion. This religion developed over four thousand years ago. There is no author for this religions scared literature. This religion is believed to originate around 2000 B.C. on the continent of India. This religion is considered one of the longest surviving religions. The first people to practice this religious belief are the Indus Valley Civilization (Bass, 2014). Origin of Buddhism The religion of Buddhism originated around six century B.C.E. the founder of this religionRead MoreCompare and Contrast Hinduism and Buddhism Essay674 Words   |  3 PagesHinduism and Buddhism Some people may think that Hinduism and Buddhism are the same religions with just two different names. They aren’t, Buddhism and Hinduism both have different types of rituals, holidays, founders, and so-on. The two extensive religions of Hinduism and Buddhism have lots of information behind themselves. They are made up of cultures, rituals, practices, and many other things. â€Å"Hinduism is a collection of religious beliefs that developed slowly over a long period of timeRead MoreThe Differences Between Buddhism and Hinduism Essay713 Words   |  3 PagesBoth Buddhism and Hinduism are well known religions. They are two of the most popular polytheistic faiths in the world. Some people believe them to be sects of the same religion, but they are mistaken. Buddhism and Hinduism have some similarities, but many things set them apart from each other as well. They are each their own religion in many aspects. Buddhism and Hinduism come from the same region, India. Both of them are very focused on nature, the things around them, though they both believeRead MoreThe Secular Age683 Words   |  3 Pagesbeautiful and expansive religion of Buddhism. It is my intention, throughout the course of my paper, to explain the main tenants of Buddhism, the history of the religion, and provide insight on the culture of the religion. Approximately 350 million people in the world today are practicing Buddhist, making Buddhism the world’s fourth largest religion. However Buddhism has an influence even greater than the number of its adherents would indicate. From the time that its founder, Siddhartha Gautama, preachedRead MoreIs Buddhism A Buddhist Or Not A Christian?1192 Words   |  5 Pageslife. That’s why today we have a religion called Buddhism. It’s one of the major religion after christianism, Islam and Hinduism. According to a projection made by The Pew Research Center:â€Å" The number of Buddhists around the world is expected to increase between 2010 and 2030, rising from 488 million to about 511 million.† When I take deeper look on those facts about Buddhism I asked myself two questions that need to be answered : What is Buddhism? Why do people choose to become a Buddhist and notRead MoreThe Buddha Vairocana And Buddhism1598 Words   |  7 PagesBuddhism was introduced int o Japan in Nara Period through Korea, with only some scripts in Chinese writing. At the time, Japanese find their country in lack of civilization like writing and cultural religion. By sending people to China to accept more doctrine from foreign countries, different Buddhism schools are developed later in time. During the end of Heian Period, one of the popular sect is dedicated to Shingon, which is established by a monk named â€Å"Kukai†. Buddha Vairocana is one of many BuddhasRead MoreBuddhism And The Teachings Of Buddhism969 Words   |  4 PagesGautama. The religion is 2,500 years old and is followed by 350 million Buddhists worldwide. Buddhism is the main religion in many Asian countries. It is a religion about suffering and the need to get rid of it. A key concept of Buddhism is Nirvana, the most enlightened, and blissful state that one can achieve. A state without suffering. Place of Origin North East India Founder Siddhartha Gautama (The Buddha) Sacred Text Tripitaka Sacred Building Stupa Major Festivals Wesak Main Branches (Denominations)Read MoreExploring A Religious Subculture : Buddhism777 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion on researching a religious subculture: Buddhism. History In 624 BC, a future Buddha and founder of Buddhism, who would eventually be named by his mother and father as Shakyamuni, was born into a royal Shakya family (About Buddhism). The King Shuddhodana and Queen Mahamaya had many predictions of their son extraordinary life; it as predicted that he son would one day become â€Å"either a Chakravartin, a universal monarch, or an â€Å"awakened one,† a Buddha† (The Kagyu Office, 2016). Before ShakyamuniRead MoreBuddhism and Hinduism881 Words   |  3 PagesSome awesome title I make Buddhism and Hinduism are two of the most philosophical religions around the world. Both religions stem from India before the Common Era and hold ranks as being one of the top five main religions around the world, therefore, having similar origins and philosophies. Hinduism places third as an organized religion and is much older than Buddhism. Hinduism and Buddhism have lasted for centuries and today is widely practiced among the world. Hinduism is considered to be monotheistic

The Ethnography Nuer Journey, Nuer Lives By Jon Hertzman

Immigration is building block to the United States culture. For decades, the United States was viewed as a land of opportunity, a land of hope for those seeking a better life. In the ethnography Nuer Journeys, Nuer Lives written by Jon Hertzman describes the Nuer’s journey and acclimation to the United States. In the preface of his ethnography, Hertzman recognizes that the immigration of these peoples took place over decades and as an anthropologist he studies how the Nuer adapt to the way of life in the United States. Throughout Nuer Journeys, Nuer Lives, Hertzman encounters the concepts of Marriage, Family, and Kinship and Gender as they are outlined in Essential of Cultural Anthropology. For anyone, moving to a new place brings up feelings of nervousness and uncertainty. This is definitely true for the Nuer people. After leaving their home villages, many were placed in different refugee camps and then dispersed across the United States of America. Leaving behind much of what they know, all they have left is each other. Many of the Nuer people became what The Essentials of Cultural Anthropology describes as a kin group, â€Å"a group of people who culturally consider themselves to be relatives, cooperate in certain activities, and share a sense of identity as kinfolk† (Bailey and Peoples, 161). As villages and families were separated, the people began to form new, smaller communities. The Nuer people were relocated to different areas across the United States, but after a

Study on Nutrition for students with disabilities Free Essays

Teaching character and value instruction is cardinal in constructing a moral society. The Learning ‘s instructional designs allows the trainer intermittently reinforce the behaviour in category by giving the kids proper accomplishments. The learning instructions design and rating covers the development facets of kids for accomplishment development in assorted degrees of category behaviour descriptions and activities. We will write a custom essay sample on Study on Nutrition for students with disabilities or any similar topic only for you Order Now The instructional doctrine and design provides the rating of success as we steer all the pupils to success non merely in faculty members but besides in other life activities. The lesson clearly outlines the importance of rectifying kids behaviours which is a distraction and clip cachexia of our childhoods. In this lesson, we will look at the following countries of learning program: The activities for teaching and steering pupils with acquisition and behaviour jobs and the instructors ‘ perceptual experiences. The kids support in constructing their principal and their collegial interactions The value of their success in the instructions Teacher ‘s efficiency is a chief success in teaching mainstreamed exceeding behavioural pupils. The efficiency affects the collegial interactions on the pupils with behavioural and learning disablements. Teaching peculiar character traits enhances the development of the pupil ‘s character. These character traits include ; Self control and duty Team work and coaction Appreciation and regard of the diverseness which involves exchange plans and the linguistic communication arts. This ensures that pupils with acquisition and the linguistic communication disablements are responsible for their actions and esteem the diverseness. Many pupils are emotionally disturbed missing character traits such as earnestness, teamwork, disobedience and other antisocial behaviours ( Vaughn, S. and Bos, C.S 2009 ) . Doctrine of instructional design Identify the Behavioral job Basically the pupil with larning disablements and behavioural upsets demonstrates noticeable behaviours which are different from that expected in school or in the society. These sorts of pupils are approached in different manner as compared to the normal pupils. Their demands an operational definition of each pupils activities that is against the expected criterion. This involves turn toing of the opprobrious behaviours in pupils and analysing each behavioral job. Development of new behaviours and activities should so follow to reciprocate the current behaviour. The effectual instruction schemes provided by the instructor should concentrate on the desirable behaviours that should be replaced with the pupil ‘s bad behaviours. Understanding the Disability and the pupils behavioural Challenge Understanding the pupil with a learning disablement and behavioural jobs is a really ambitious undertaking. Working with these pupils and detecting the overall public presentation in school is one of the assignments which need a batch of concentration. It is better to happen the pupils strength and work with the pupil toward those strengths. There exist a relationship between the kid and the instructor which involves the single intervention. There are many factors that affect the pupils with disablements on which many are ignored by the instructors. In most instances the instructor assumes that the behaviour of the pupil is coming from the discourtesy and the aggressive behaviours. These include the multiple acquisition and behavioural disablements kids are faced such as ; ( Brownell A ; Pajares, 2010 ) . dyslexia auditory processing upset attending shortage upset non-verbal acquisition upsets Most learning disablements in pupils autumn are loosely categorized into two: verbal and gestural. The pupils with verbal larning disablements experience obscureness with both spoken and written words. Dyslexia is the most common verbal acquisition disablement which gives the pupil problem in placing and treating letters and the sounds associated with the peculiar missive. Some pupils with verbal larning disablements find it difficult to utilize and talk with other facets of linguistic communication. Others find it difficult to compose as their encephalons struggle to command the many things that go into as they are composing which includes traveling their manus to construction missive shapes to remembrance of the right grammar regulations involved in composing down a peculiar sentence. Students with gestural larning disablements experience jobs in treating what they see and view. This involves doing sense of ocular inside informations like illustrations and Numberss on a chalkboard. Some pupils with a gestural acquisition disablement ever do some mistakes like confounding the plus mark with the mark for division. Opportunities to Practice New Behaviors In deciding the status of larning disablement from the pupil, the initial activity should be the diagnosing of the job. Once the pupil behavioral and larning disablement job is identified, a set of schemes and processs follows in an attempt of reconstructing the pupil ‘s self-esteem and assurance. This involves working and monitoring by a particular instructor in larning some particular accomplishments which aids in specifying a pupil ‘s strengths and the failings. Particular equipments and specialised schoolroom are sometimes indispensable for certain topics. The learning environment should be structured in guaranting that the pupils are suitably geting the societal accomplishments. This includes the chances of the pupil interaction with the acquisition environment. The footing and the foundation of the active engagement of the pupil in the schoolroom is the learning environment. The appropriate differentiated direction in supervising the behaviours of the pupils include s ; Taking bends in working with spouse and following the group waies. Working in groups and actively take parting in the treatments. Demonstrate appropriate behaviour toward equals and other people in the society. Showing positive verbal and gestural relationships with others. Showing involvement and lovingness. Settling struggles between the kids without contending. Exposing appropriate fondness. Treat larning behavioural shortages as mistakes in larning The behavioural shortages in acquisition can be viewed as mistakes and hence, the suited behavioural value demand to be straight and actively taught. It is of import to establish all societal skill instructional determinations on single pupil demands. Increasing the pupil larning independency in heightening the ego construct and the repeating failures in school requires the instructional schemes affecting self-denial, self-monitoring, self-reinforcement and the self-management. This enhances the cognitive behaviours and activities alteration ( Vaughn A ; Bos, 2009 ) . Provision for differentiated direction Functional Skills with wide applications Skills for behavioural alteration and operation of the pupil are indispensable in the pupil behavioural jobs. Functional accomplishments do n’t merely affect the community personal businesss but besides involves the accomplishment of the productive life and addition in degree of engagement. The undermentioned are schemes that can be used to learn the pupils with larning disablements ( Vaughn, A ; Bos, 2009 ) . divide the acquisition in to subdivisions administered study supplied standard quality sentiment used diagrams, artworks and images to supplement their significance in words provided ample independent, well-designed, intensive pattern Modeled instructional patterns that should be followed by the pupils. provided prompts of schemes to utilize Get downing with the heavy instructions prepares the pupil to the more assortment pupil instructions. Individual pupil should be taken on consideration and non the group because the success of the pupil with larning disablements requires a focal point on single acquisition, single advancement and the single accomplishment. This requires expressed, precise, directed, individualised and intensive disciplinary direction of the pupils with the acquisition and behavioural disablements. Many pupils with behavioural and learning disablements are integrated in mainstream schoolrooms. Teachers need to understand that there exist the acquisition differences between these pupils with the remainder of the pupils. The pupils need more attending and monitoring and instructors should accommodate their instruction methods to assist these kids ( Brownell A ; Pajares, 2010 ) . Positive Reinforcement to kids Disabilities in kids are basically sheathing accomplishment countries which can include cognitive abilities, linguistic communication accomplishments, hapless societal interactions, emotional and executive accomplishments. Praising and appreciating the pupil for the good work positively motivates the pupil. This includes being sincere on the pupil activities and the accomplishments, noticing on the attempt put by the pupil and doing a mention that success is expected in the hereafter ( Muscott A ; O’Brien, 2009 ) . Harmonizing to Sheldon ( 2011 ) , the category environment should be good structured and managed. Keeping the composure and house learning environment particularly when the pupil is giving difficult clip is of kernel to the instructor. Many instructors tend to take the kids ‘s behaviour personally, taking battles with the pupils. Some pupils need individualized behavior rectification plans where they are rewarded frequently in actuating them. This involves extended treatments with the pupils on the countries of concern and the job work outing accomplishments every bit good as pro-social accomplishments. Learning disablement has no remedy and most pupils and people in general have to accommodate to their acquisition differences. Assessment Design Learning disablements are the jobs and challenges that affect the encephalon ‘s capableness to have, procedure, size up, or shop information which hinders the pupil ‘s ability to larn rapidly. These disablements are of many sorts on which certain types of the acquisition disablements interferes with the pupil ‘s ability to concentrate on a certain activity. This sort of the disablement shifts the pupils ‘ concentrations to other no of import things. The pupil ‘s behaviour can be due to either of the public presentation shortage or the skill shortage factors. Positive eventualities are required in controling the public presentation shortage while the direct instructions are required in get the better ofing the accomplishment shortage. The important skill countries of the pupil are identified during the appraisal. The lesson is implemented in groups and socially adept equals in the behavioural execution ( Vaughn A ; Bos, 2009 ) . How to cite Study on Nutrition for students with disabilities, Essay examples

Growth Strategies of Classic Sportswear Company †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Growth Strategies of Classic Sportswear. Answer: Background of the company Classic Sportswear is a privately owned company and it manufactures sportswear for few decades (Classicsports.com.au 2017). The brand is recognized throughout out the sporting industry due its quality and reliable products, which is regionally made in Sydney. Companys growth strategies explained with Ansoff matrix Classic Sportswear, from the past few years has gained a tremendous growth due to its increasing product range and highest market share in the global environment. The apparel industry has become dynamic due to the changeable needs of the customers. The company tends to develop its marketing strategies on a regular basis. The long-term strategy of Classic Sportswear might not be effective as the apparel industry largely depends on the trends. This means the products are developed and design based on the recent trends. The company cannot rely on the long-term strategies as the marketing trends in apparel industry have rapidly been changing. The competitors in the sector have increasingly captured the market (Ko et al. 2012). Thus, based on the market dynamics, Classic Sportswear, developed the market strategies with the strategic analysis tool Ansoff Matrix. Diversification The company has expanded their outlets more increasingly in the recent years through the achievement. The brand Classic Sportswear has significantly enhanced its stores capability by purchasing all sports, licensed, NRL SUMMER, NRL WINTER, NRL LADIES and many more (Classicsports.com.au 2017). In addition to this, the brand has purchased international brand like Sprinter, Chausport and champion sports and others. Some particular facilities such as Knitting, sublimating, printing, pressing and embroidery facilities are all housed in productions of Classic Sportswear. This has helped the company to expand its business in the overseas market. Moreover, it has also been identified that the company has made large investment on e-commerce to reach the customers from wide market. The web designers of the company aim to enhance the functionality as well as design of brands websites to represent the brand more successfully and effectively in the wide market. Product development- In order to remain active in the highly competitive market, the brand has applied the product development strategies, in which the company introduced new products at low price to maximize the market share. The major sports products such as footwear, t-shirts, and inners are usually sold at low price compared to the price charged by the competitors in the industry. To spread the awareness of the new products across the market, it has focused on the advertising. The company has done the advertising of products through the newspapers and magazines and taking the advantage of digital media (Singh and Pattanayak 2014). Among the major characteristics of the company, the focus on certain products sometimes remains as the major characteristics that bring success to the company. This strategy helps to attract more customers in a particular segment of products. In addition to this, the company relies on the outdoor advertising. Recommendation Based on the existing findings presented in the paper, many significant recommendations grow further for Classic Sportswear, to achieve effective performance. Thus, considering the findings, certain recommendations have been provided in the following. Focus on market penetration- Classic Sportswear should place more focus on the market penetration as well as developed in the emerging nations in the coming years. It has been identified that economic outlook in the Western countries remain sluggish. It is also projected that many economic nations in Asia could become the lead of economic growth in the coming future (Rahulan et al. 2015). Therefore, it is reasonable for Classic Sportswear to focus on its marketing efforts in Asia market. In order to remain active and the market leader, Classic Sportswear should take the opportunity to build itself in the emerging nations shortly. Focus on catering to sports, fitness, fashion requirements of women in the market- Women in the European and Western countries are increasingly involved in the sports. Thus, it is necessary for Classic Sportswear to take upbeat actions to meet the needs and demands of female customers (Ko, Phau and Aiello 2016). Decrease of operational cost Classic Sportswear should decrease the operational cost with the help of design and development of lean efficient management. In spite of the volatile economic situation across the globe, the inflationary stresses are not something that could be neglected by policy makers as well as business around the market (Park, Ahn and Lee 2015). The inflation of commodity as well as increasing labor cost in the emerging nation is projected to affect the profits negatively. Therefore, it is necessary to streamline the operation across the market for more effective and enhanced value as well as business methods. References and Bibliography Classicsports.com.au. (2017).About Us - Classic Sportswear. [online] Available at: https://www.classicsports.com.au/index.php/about-us [Accessed 30 May 2017]. Kinuthia, L.N., Keren, G., Burugu, M., Muthomi, H.N. and Mwihaki, M., 2012. Factors influencing brand loyalty in sportswear among Kenyan university students: the case of swimmers.differences,1(4). Ko, E., Phau, I. and Aiello, G., 2016. Luxury brand strategies and customer experiences: Contributions to theory and practice.Journal of Business Research,69(12), pp.5749-5752. Ko, E., Taylor, C.R., Sung, H., Lee, J., Wagner, U., Navarro, D.M.C. and Wang, F., 2012. Global marketing segmentation usefulness in the sportswear industry.Journal of Business Research,65(11), pp.1565-1575. Lim, C.H., Kim, K. and Cheong, Y., 2016. Factors affecting sportswear buying behavior: A comparative analysis of luxury sportswear. Journal of Business Research, 69(12), pp.5793-5800. Park, S., Ahn, M. and Lee, Y., 2015. The study of dependence on sportswear and the effects of wearing sportswear.Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles,39(1), pp.77-90. Rahulan, M., Troynikov, O., Watson, C., Janta, M. and Senner, V., 2015. Consumer behavior of generational cohorts for compression sportswear.Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management,19(1), pp.87-104. Singh, P.K. and Pattanayak, J.K., 2014. The Impact of Brand Loyalty on Consumers' Sportswear Brand Purchase. IUP Journal of Brand Management, 11(4), p.40.

Welcome Introduction free essay sample

Thanks My name is Saw. Im one of the students here. I think I dont really look like a student. But am one. I would like to welcome you here this morning. And I would like to say Thanking very much for coming. We know all of you are very busy, so we really appreciate you making the time for us. I thank all of my classmates as well because they gave me the chance to give the easy speech, I think, Welcome Introduction. I expected It to be easy but in reality It Is not. I practiced a lot to give this speech In front of you but the practice didnt work.I feel nervous. But I have to speak for the full time, three minutes. How long has gone already? Time up? K, no problem! I have more to say. I really like my school, Zee Kabul Maya. We will write a custom essay sample on Welcome Introduction or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I think It Is very suitable for youths who are In the gutter, Like me. why? Why? I think you would Like to ask me Why? You know that word Is not strange for us. Our teachers use It a lot In our class. Many, many times she asks me. Im sorry I have no chance to answer It now but my friends are waiting to answer your question. The important thing is you need to listen carefully. If you dont see the point of what they are talking about, you can raise your hand up and ask Can you repeat that please. K? K? No, No Im joking. You can hear a lot of speeches from all students. We got 21 students here, 21 speeches about everything this morning. I dont know all what they going to talk to you. In the middle we mix with some nice songs. And then we are going to feed with special foods for your breakfast, we ordered from Hotel Zee Cabin. Im Joking again. K, Thank you everyone. I really appreciate you coming and celebrating our School opening ceremony together with us. Thank you

Free Essays on Declaration Of Indendence

Analysis of Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is a historical legal document. It is written in Virginia by Thomas Jefferson, who will later become our 3rd president of The United States. It is also a political document. It is written to declare the independence of the United States from Great Britain. The tone of the document is dramatic and forceful. Thomas Jefferson starts off with the issue of them wanting to declare the separation from Great Britain, how they no longer wish to be apart of their colony. He goes on with how â€Å"all men are created equal†. Although in this time period he is referring to only white men. These are the enlightenment ideas of equality. The enlightenment ideas come from John Locke. His next statement is that they are â€Å"endowed by their creator†. In many instances he speaks refers to God. It is highly influenced by Christianity. He speaks of â€Å"life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness†. In this time radical men did not know that they had the right to be happy. He speaks of the history of the present King of Great Britain, King George III, calling this a tyrant. He proves King George III’s tyranny by establishing a list of grievances. This is an attack of King George III. He does not want to attack the entire monarchy because he does not want to anger Spain or France. The king himself was not good or bad he was just attacked because of this status as King of England and also the Elector of Hanover. His list of grievances includes the â€Å"tyranny† of the king. He goes on about all the different acts and taxes such as the Declaratory Act of 1766, the Quartering Act, Stamp Act, Tea Act, and the Hat Act. Some of these accusations were exaggerations. Such as the impressments, that when the British Port Police were in need of seamen for their missions, they would take all the drunken men and pick them up on the ship without permission so when the men woke up, they wou... Free Essays on Declaration Of Indendence Free Essays on Declaration Of Indendence Analysis of Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is a historical legal document. It is written in Virginia by Thomas Jefferson, who will later become our 3rd president of The United States. It is also a political document. It is written to declare the independence of the United States from Great Britain. The tone of the document is dramatic and forceful. Thomas Jefferson starts off with the issue of them wanting to declare the separation from Great Britain, how they no longer wish to be apart of their colony. He goes on with how â€Å"all men are created equal†. Although in this time period he is referring to only white men. These are the enlightenment ideas of equality. The enlightenment ideas come from John Locke. His next statement is that they are â€Å"endowed by their creator†. In many instances he speaks refers to God. It is highly influenced by Christianity. He speaks of â€Å"life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness†. In this time radical men did not know that they had the right to be happy. He speaks of the history of the present King of Great Britain, King George III, calling this a tyrant. He proves King George III’s tyranny by establishing a list of grievances. This is an attack of King George III. He does not want to attack the entire monarchy because he does not want to anger Spain or France. The king himself was not good or bad he was just attacked because of this status as King of England and also the Elector of Hanover. His list of grievances includes the â€Å"tyranny† of the king. He goes on about all the different acts and taxes such as the Declaratory Act of 1766, the Quartering Act, Stamp Act, Tea Act, and the Hat Act. Some of these accusations were exaggerations. Such as the impressments, that when the British Port Police were in need of seamen for their missions, they would take all the drunken men and pick them up on the ship without permission so when the men woke up, they wou...

The Global Economy assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Global Economy - Assignment Example Changes in spending or taxes can be said to be revenue neutral, and could be construed to be fiscal policy or could have an effect on aggregate output level through changing incentives faced by individuals or firms face. Contrarily, fiscal policy is normally utilized to refer to the effect of overall taxation and spending levels on the aggregate economy, especially the gap between the two. Fiscal policy can be said to be tight if spending is lower than revenue or loose when revenue is lower than spending (Auerbach, 2009: p. 24). Usually, the centre of attention does not revolve around the deficit levels but on deficit changes. It is a vital tool for the administration of the economy since it has the capability to affect total GDP. 2. What are the instruments of fiscal policy? Evaluate the effectiveness of increasing government spending and tax cuts as a means of stimulating aggregate demand (4 marks). 276 The tools of fiscal policy are government expenditure, direct and indirect taxe s, deficit financing through printing of new notes and government borrowing, subsidies, and transfer payments such as scholarships, stipends, and unemployment allowances (Hansen, 2011: p. 65). Aggregate demand is referent to total spending by government, businesses, households, and foreigners on final services goods that are domestically produced. The AD curve is descriptive of buying behavior for final services and goods in the aggregate. The relationship between rate of inflation and the amount of final services and goods that individuals are willing to purchase is in converse with other factors held constant. The AD curve shifts when there is an alteration in total spending on services and goods. An increase in total spending leads to a shift in the AD curve to the right (Hansen, 2009: p. 76). Inflation Increase AD AD1 AD Therefore, total spending changes and the AD curve shifts when consumption is changed, for example, through government spending, investment, tax cuts, or net fo reign spending. The AD curve shifts to the right when taxes are cut and government expenditure increases (McEachern, 2009: p. 23). There is an increase in household spending, increased business spending, increased purchases by foreigners, decreased imports and purchases of foreign products by the domestic market and increased money supply. If the government increases spending and keeps taxes as they were, aggregate demand increases directly. In addition, if governments cut taxes, disposable income increases and more is spent on consumption. This rise in consumption leads to raised aggregate demand. However, the ability for this fiscal policy to use aggregate demand to influence output levels wears off with time. Increased aggregate demand because of this fiscal policy shows up, eventually, in higher prices without increasing output. In the long term, the output level is determined by factors of supply, rather than demand (McEachern, 2009: p. 23). 3. Explain, using the statistics of government expenditure, personal taxation rates and transfer payments, what fiscal policy stance did the 2012 Federal Budget take? (5 marks)...345 The government is also set to increase transfer statements by increasing by $1.8 billion family payments with approximately one million families set to get an increase of $300 annually and approximately 700,000 families with more

The impact of London congestion charge,an economic view Literature review

The impact of London congestion charge,an economic view - Literature review Example However, despite this, the actual implementation and running costs of the congestion charge have been suggestibly much higher than the benefit (Evans, 2007). Figures from TfL suggest that the revenue:cost ratio is extremely high (Leape, 2006). For example, upkeep of the monitoring systems requires technical experts which cost a lot to employ. The video cameras used as part of the system are also extremely costly and require maintenance and protection from vandalism (Leape, 206). Secondly, there is a lot of bureaucracy involved in chasing up congestion charge dodgers and others who falsely abuse the exemption system. Finally, there are other effects that can be judged by approaching the congestion charge economically, such as the effect on jobs and economic activity within the 22km2 zone (Leape, 2006). It is interesting to look at the effects that the congestion charge has had on retail within the zone. One paper (Quddus, Camel & Bell, 2007) looked at a John Lewis department store wit hin the zone, on Oxford Street. The data looked at four years between 2001 and 2004, which included three years of pre-congestion data and one year post-congestion data. It was decided to stop collecting sales data after this point as the opening hours changed, which is a good way of avoiding bias in this type of economic study. However, there may still be bias present from only evaluating one year of congestion charge sales data, as three years of pre-congestion charge data was examined giving a broader picture of the economic scope of the store. Despite this, the study produced some interesting results. After controlling for Gross Value Added (GVA) specific to London and...This paper offers a thorough analysis of the all-round impacts of the imposition of congestion charge in London. Not only economic, but also social and environmental impact is considered. The paper attempt to provide how the congestion charge assist in improving environment. It also evaluates the impact on unemp loyment changes facilitated by charging. One of the main aspects of transportation in London that was intended to be improved by the congestion charge was the economics. There is evidence that there has been a positive economic effect seen by introducing the charge, with an estimated 90% of pre-charge congestion costs being eliminated by profits. However, despite this, the actual implementation and running costs of the congestion charge have been suggestibly much higher than the benefit. In terms of the environment, there were significant reductions in traffic flows within the congestion zone area between 2003 and 2006. There are many different approaches to the congestion charge and how it has had an effect on London from an economic standpoint. These have all given various different results within the literature, although these are partly dependent on the methodologies used and the time periods examined. One of the main issues that can come from assessing a project like the congestion charge is that it will be evaluated in the short-term, and there may be additional costs or benefits to be seen within the medium- or long-term which cannot be assessed by current results.

Significance of Chaco Canyon Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Significance of Chaco Canyon - Research Paper Example Archeological explorations began at Chaco Canyon at the end of the 19th century by the archeologists Richard Wetherill and George H. Pepper. Since then, increasing interest in the site led to the undertaking of several excavation projects in both small and large sites in the region under the sponsorship of national organizations like the American Museum of Natural History, the National Geographic Society and the Smithsonian Institution. Further, the imminent southwestern archeologists who have conducted projects at Chaco Canyon include Stephen Lekson, Jim Judge, Neil Judd, Gwinn Vivian, and Thomas Windes (Fagan, 2005). Chaco Canyon was a multi-site community dating from A.D. 900-1150, and believed to originate from earlier times. The archeology of the canyon has been interpreted in different ways by various archeologists and investigators. Taking into consideration the limited arable land in the region of Chaco Canyon, its population size and the consequent implications on Puebloan s elf-sufficiency have been debated. According to Nelson (1995), arguments related to local socio-political organization and the extent to which Chaco Canyon settlements played a dominant role in the region are based on the archeology of the ancient historic site. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the significance of Chaco Canyon, the ancient archeological site which had dominated the region at that time. The Significance of Chaco Canyon Chaco Canyon is a circular, saucer-shaped depression approximately one hundred miles in diameter. The canyon’s relatively flat landscape inclines at the mountains bordering the region on the north, east, and west, while the south did not have a well-defined edge to the San Juan Basin and has a series of uplifts. â€Å"The San Juan River and its tributaries carry runoff from the basin to the Colorado River to the west† (Lister & Lister, 1981, p.179). Chaco Canyon: Unique Features Chaco Canyon is one of Americaà ¢â‚¬â„¢s richest archeological zones. The region is subjected to great extremes in temperature, it is devoid of trees and year-round running water, and the canyon’s sandy bases are cut deep by an arroyo or rift. At present, the terraces above have saltbrush, snakeweed, prickly pear cactus, and stunted grasses. In this forlorn region the canyons have walls of â€Å"treacherously spalling tawny sandstone† (Lister & Lister, 1981, p.3) apparently uninviting to farmers from settling down in the canyon. This is reiterated by Roberts (1929), who states that the canyon itself is quite narrow, less than a mile wide at its widest point. Its walls are of red sandstone, and the mesa tops above are almost barren, with a few stunted cedar and pinon trees, sagebrush, and scanty grass; but with pines smaller trees near its upper end. â€Å"In all directions, the region is marked by shifting sand, great dry washes, deep arroyos, and a lack of vegetation† (Roberts, 1929, p.9). Re markably, this was the chosen site for the early Puebloan people, as indicated by the eleven large pueblo ruins and the countless numbers of small houses spread over the canyon. Although today there is no settlement in Chaco Canyon, Navajo herdsmen eke out a bare living in the perimeters of the area.

Drug Delivery Systems for Periodontitis

Drug Delivery Systems for Periodontitis 2.0 LITERATURE SURVEY 2.1 TECHNIQUE Periodontitis, a disease involving supportive structures of the teeth prevails in all groups, ethnicities, races and both genders. It is a localised inflammatory response caused by bacterial infection of a periodontal pocket associated with subgingival plaque. Periodontal diseases include conditions such as chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis and necrotizing periodontitis. Aggressive forms of periodontitis can be localized or generalized. Antibacterial agents have been used effectively in the management of periodontal infection. The effectiveness of mechanical debridement of plaque and repeated topical and systemic administration of antibacterial agents are limited due to the lack of accessibility to periodontopathic organisms in the periodontal pocket. Systemic administration of drugs leads to therapeutic concentrations at the site of infection, but for short periods of time, forcing repeated dosing for longer periods. Local delivery of antimicrobials has been investigat ed for the possibility of overcoming the limitations of conventional therapy. The use of sustained release formulations to deliver antibacterials to the site of infection (periodontal pocket) is gaining interest. These products provide a long-term, effective treatment at the site of infection at much smaller doses. (Kaplish et al. 2013) Formulation and development of a gel based topical dosage form for antimicrobial drug will be proved to be worthwhile like ability to deliver drug more selectively to a specific site, avoidance of gastro-intestinal incompatibility, providing utilization of drugs with short biological half-life, improving physiological and pharmacological response and provide suitability for self medication. (Basavaraj et al. 2012) 2.1.1 Periodontal Local Drug Delivery Goodson et al in 1979 first proposed the concept of controlled delivery in the treatment of periodontitis. The effectiveness of this form of therapy is that, it reaches the base of periodontal pocket and is maintained for an adequate time for the antimicrobial effect to occur. These delivery systems are also called sustained release, controlled-release, prolonged release, timed release, slow release, sustained action, prolonged action or extended action. There are distinct phases in a periodontal treatment plan where a dental practitioner can use this sustained release device. They are as follows: As an adjunct to Scaling and Root planning. Periodontal maintenance therapy: Recurrent periodontitis usually involves only a few teeth. These sites are ideal for the treatment with this device. For whom surgery is not an option or those who refuse surgical treatment Sustained release device is a less invasive treatment option and it requires less time compared to surgical treatment. (Kaplish et al. 2013) 2.1.1.1 Types of local drug delivery devices Sustained released devices These are delivery systems whose action lasts less than 24 hours therefore require multiple applications. It follows the first order kinetics. Controlled delivery devices – These are the devices which follows zero order kinetics and whose actions last longer than 24 hours, thereby decreasing the number applications. (Greenstein et al. 2000) 2.1.1.2 Advantages of local drug delivery system Provides drug in an effective concentration that can be maintained there long enough for the desired effect to be accomplished without causing any side effect. It can attain upto 100 fold higher concentration of an antimicrobial agent in subgingival site compared with a systemic therapy. Broad spectrum antibiotics which cannot be employed systemically because of many sideeffects can be safely employed locally with minimum side effects. Superinfection and drug resistance are rare. It also reduces the risk of developing drug resistant microbial populations at non oral body sites. The potentials of daily drug placement into periodontal pockets as a part of home self care procedure can be performed by a compliant patient. This route may employ antimicrobial agents not suitable for systemic administration such as various broad spectrum antiseptics solutions. e.g.– chlorhexidine Improve the patient compliance. (Slots et al. 1996 and Chadha et al. 2012) 2.1.1.3 Disadvantages of local delivery system Inaccessible and deeper pocket areas, furcations cannot be completely dealt with antimicrobial agents. Time consuming and laborious, if many sites are involved. Non-sustained local delivery is limited by an only brief exposure of targeted microorganisms to applied antimicrobial agent. Connective tissue associated plaque and extra pocket oral surfaces don‘t get affected by local drug delivery which may be responsible for recurrence of disease in treated areas. Difficulty in placing therapeutic concentration of antimicrobial agent into deeper parts of periodontal pockets and furcations lesions. Personal application of antimicrobial agents by patients as a part of their home self-care procedure is frequently compromised by the patient‘s lack of adequate manual dexterity, limited understanding of periodontal anatomy and poor compliance and performance with recommended procedures. (Axelsson 1999) 2.1.1.4 Local drug delivery systems for treating periodontitis Various local drug delivery system for treating periodontitis-Fibers, Film, Injectable systems, Gels, Strips and compacts, Vesicular systems, Microparticle system, Nanoparticle system etc. Injectable drug delivery systems Injectable systems are particularly attractive for the delivery of antibiotic agents into the periodontal pocket. The application can be easily and rapidly carried out, without pain, by using a syringe. Thus, the cost of the therapy is considerably reduced compared to devices that need time to be placed and secured. Moreover, an injectable delivery system should be able to fill the pocket, thus reaching a large proportion of pathogens. Two types of injectable drug delivery systems have been studied in periodontal diseases- biodegradable (1) microparticles and (2) gels. (Kaplish et al. 2013) 1. Microparticles /Microspheres These are controlled release drug delivery system which comprises of drug-containing microparticles or microspheres, between 10 and 500 microns in size, suspended in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium, and are capable of maintaining an effective level of drug in the periodontal pocket for a period of one to thirty days. They are spherical free flowing particles consisting of proteins or synthetic polymers. Non-biodegradable as well as biodegradable materials have been investigated for the preparation of microspheres. There are two types of microspheres; a) Microcapsules. b) Micromatrices. In microcapsules entrapped substance is distinctly surrounded by distinct capsule wall and in micromatrices entrapped substance is dispersing throughout the microspheres matrix. Solid biodegradable microspheres incorporating a drug dispersed or dissolved through particle matrix have the potential for the controlled release of drug. They are made from polymeric, waxy, or other protective materials (i.e. biodegradable synthetic polymers and modified natural products). (Chaudhari et al. 2010) Advantages of microspheres Constant and prolonged therapeutic effect. Reduction in dosing frequency and thereby improve the patient compliance. They could be injected into the body due to the spherical shape and smaller size. Better drug utilization will improve the bioavailability and reduce the incidence or intensity of adverse effects. Microsphere morphology allows a controllable variability in degradation and drug release.

Changing Families Essay -- Sociology, Family

Changing Families and the Impact on Surrounding Systems The family has been referred to as the most vital of the social institutions (Alexander, 2010). The definition of what it means to be a family has evolved over the past several generations. In technical terms, the U.S. Census Bureau defines a family as a group of two or more people residing together related by birth, marriage, or adoption. (U.S. Census, 2010). Categories of families that fit this definition include married couples with and without children, blended families, single parent, and extended family households. Same-sex and unmarried couples with and without children and individuals living alone are not included in this group, though they are a rising segment of the population. The make-up of family and household types at any given time has major consequences for society (Katz & Stern, 2007). Major systems such as economic political, legal, and other social institutions are all impacted by changes in family dynamics. This paper will explore the evolution of the fami ly unit and examine the reciprocal link between this shift and surrounding systems. The relationship between these changes and contemporary systems theory will also be discussed. Population information gathered by the U.S. Census bureau provides statistical data illustrating the changing nature of the American family. Though many contemporary families fall into the traditional two parent and child household, census data shows that other categories of families are increasing. Single and unmarried parents, blended, extended, childless couples, same-sex, and individual family units are all increasing. For example, 1960 census data shows that about 9% of children lived in a single parent home.... ... the past several years is the same-sex family. Since the sexual revolution of the 1960’s, changing attitudes have brought more tolerance to the gay and lesbian community. This has somewhat loosened the stigma previously associated with this segment of the population. Along with evolving public attitudes, economic and legal changes in the United States have also reduced barriers previously facing same-sex couples making it more likely for them to form families (Butler, 2004). On the other hand, continued strong institutional ties to marriage between one man and one woman continue to pose problem for this group and shape social agendas (Glenn, 2004; Lind, 2004). While several states and many employers have given recognition and benefits to homosexual partners, there is still no uniform policy in place which addresses their familial rights in the United States.